![]() ![]() Its main application has been for testing for drugs of abuse such as the amphetamines, cocaine and metabolites, opioids such as morphine, methadone and heroin, and for cannabis. Testing has included alcohol (ethanol) and a range of clinical tests eg antibodies to HIV, therapeutic drugs and steroids. Current applications are mainly focused on drugs of abuse testing in employees at workplaces where drug use has safety implications, in drivers of vehicles at the roadside and in other situations where drug impairment is suspected. Food and techniques designed to stimulate production of oral fluid can also affect the concentration of drugs. However, its collection may be thwarted by lack of available fluid due to a range of physiological factors, including drug use itself. Oral fluid can provide a quick and non-invasive specimen for drug testing. Over the last decade there have been considerable developments in the use of oral fluid (saliva) for drug testing.
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